SHI’A A MA’AUNIN ILIMI (2 / 2)

((Tattaunawa ta ilimi akan mas’alolin sabani tsakanin Sunnah da Shi’a))

(MENE NE SHI'A, SU WANE NE 'YAN SHI'A DA RARRABE- RARRABENSU)

RARRABE-RARRABEN SHI’A

Tarihi ya tabbatar mana da cewa wadanda suka ci wannan suna na “Shi’a” mutane ne hawa-hawa, ma’ana ba abu daya ba ne, a cikinsu akwai wadanda suka wuce gona da iri, wadanda suka daga Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) har suka ba shi matsayin Allah Ubangiji –Allah ya tsare mu-, akwai kuma wadanda suka kai shi zuwa matsayin Annabta, kai har ma suka nuna matsayinsa yana sama da matsayin Manzon Allah (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam), akwai kuma wadanda suke tsaka-tsakin wannan dogon layi mai cike da rudu gami da sarkakiya.. saboda haka za mu kawo bayanin fitattun wadannan kashe-kashe na mazhabar Shi’a, saboda mu daura kowa a mazauninsa…

MASU WUCE GONA DA IRI:

Wannan rukuni ne na mazhabobin Shi’a da har ma su kansu ‘yan Shi’a a wannan zamani ba sa yarda a danganta su da su, saboda irin yanda ayyukansu ya fitar da su daga Musulunci kai-tsaye, abin da ya sanya malaman Musulunci suke yi masu kallon ba Musulmi ba, wadannan da suka wuce makadi da rawa sun hada da: Sab’iyyawa da Gurabiyyawa da Nusairiyyawa da Daruzawa, bari mu kawo kowannen su a takaice:

1- SAB’IYYAWA (AS-SABA’IYYA):
Su ne mabiya “Abdullahi bn Saba’a”, asalinsa Bayahude ne da ya bayyana Musulunci a zahiri, ana kuma kiransa da “Ibnus Sauda’”, shi din yana cikin wadanda suka nuna tsananin adawa da Sayyiduna Usman da shugabannin da ya nada a sauran garuruwan Musulmai.

Sannu a hankali, wannan mutumi ya fara yada manufofinsa, yana mai amfani da suna gami da farin- jinin da Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) yake da shi, inda ya fara da cewa, a littafin “at-Taura” akwai ayar da take nuna cewa “Lallai kowane Annabi yana da magaji; kuma lallai Aliyu ne magajin Muhammad, kuma shi ne fiyayyen magada, kaman yanda Muhammadu yake shi ne fiyayyen Annabawa, sannan kuma lallai Muhammadu zai sake dawowa duniya….. ya cigaba yana cewa: Ina mamakin mutanen da suke ganin cewa al-Masihu zai sake dawowa, amma ba sa ganin cewa Muhammadu zai sake dawowa… a haka dai ya cigaba da yada manufarsa har ya kai zuwa ga inda ya ce Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) Allah ne… -Allah ya tsare mu-. Lokacin da Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) ya sami labarin irin ta’asar da wannan Bayahude da ya sanya rigar Musulunci yake yadawa ya yi niyyar kashe shi, sai Abdullahi bn Abbas (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) ya hana shi, ya ce: idan ka kashe shi za a iya samun baraka tsakanin mabiyanka, ga shi kuma kai yanzu haka kana shirin kara komawa yaki da mutanen Sham, sai kuwa Sayyiduna Aliyu ya kore shi daga gari..

Bayan kisar gillar da Hawãrijawa suka yi wa Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi), sai Ibn Saba’a ya yi amfani da damuwar da mutane suka sami kansu a ciki sakamakon wannan rashin, ya shiga yada cewa: wanda fa aka kashe ba Sayyiduna Aliyu ba ne, Shaidan ne ya sifantu da sifar Sayyiduna Aliyu, shi Sayyiduna Aliyu Allah ya dauke shi zuwa sama, kaman yanda Allah ya dauke Annabi Isah (AlaiHis Salam) zuwa sama, yana cewa: kaman yanda Yahudawa da Kiristoci suka yi karya a da’awarsu ta kashe Annabi Isah (AlaiHis Salam), haka ma Khawãrij suka yi karya wajen da’awar kashe Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi)…. Don haka an dauke shi ne zuwa sama, tsawar da ake ji, muryarsa ce, walkiya kuma murmushinsa ne, saboda haka a duk sanda masu wannan akidar na Sab’iyyawa suka ji tsawa, sai su ce: ‘Assalamu alaika ya Amiral Muminina.’ Abdulkadir al-Baghdadiy ya fadi a cikin littafinsa “al-Farku bainal Firak” cewa, Umar bn Sharhabilu ya ruwaito cewa, an ce wa Ibn Saba’a cewa: lallai an kashe Aliyu, sai ya ce: ‘Da za ku zo mana da kwanyarsa a cikin jaka ba za mu yarda da mutuwarsa ba, ba zai rasu ba har sai ya sauko daga sama, ya mulki duniya gaba daya’.

A cikin Sab’iyyawan dai akwai wadanda suke cewa “Allah ya yi hululi a cikin Aliyu da sauran shugabanni “A’immah” da suka zo bayansa, wasu kuma suka ce: Allah ne ya bayyana da sifar mutum a cikin Aliyu, abin da ya kai suka ce masa: “Shi fa kai ne Alllah”, wadannan ne Sayyiduna Aliyu ya yi niyyar babbaka su da wuta tun a duniya.

DALILIN KAFIRCIN SAB’IYYAWA:

Malamai sun kafirta ‘yan Shi’an Sab’iyyawa ne saboda sun yi da’awar cewa akwai wani Allah tare da Allah, wanda haka karyata ayoyin Alkur’ani da nassoshin ingantattun Hadisai kai- tsaye ba tare da tawili ba, wanda hukuncin haka shi ne fita daga Musulunci kai-tsaye.

Ba a kafirta su da da’awarsu ta cewa Allah ya dauke Sayyiduna Aliyu zuwa sama, kaman yanda ya faru da Annabi Isah bn Maryam (AlaiHis Salam) ba, duk kuwa da cewa hakan karya ne karara, amma ba a kafirta mutum saboda haka, sai dai a karyata shi, a kuma bayyana wa duniya batarsa.

2- GURABIYYAWA (AL-GHURABIYYA):

Gurabiyyawa ma na cikin kungiyoyin da ake sanya su a cikin mazhabar Shi’a, su kuma ‘yan Shi’a –na wannan zamanin- suna kore su daga cikin su, sakamakon katobarar da suke da ita, duk da dai su ba sa kallon Sayyiduna Aliyu bn Abudalib (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) a matsayin Allah –kaman yanda Sab’iyyawa suka yi- amma dai sun kai shi matsayi irin na Annabta, bal ma sukan fifita shi akan Sayyiduna RasululLahi (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam), inda suke riya cewa asalin Annabta na Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) ne; Mala’ika Jibrilu (AlaiHis Salam) ya yi kuskuren isar da sako, inda ya isar zuwa ga Annabi Muhammadu (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam), a maimakon sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi).. Sunansu ya samo asali daga wani salon magana na Larabawa, da suke amfani da shi wajen bayyana abubuwa masu kama da juna, suna cewa “يشبه الغراب الغراب”, ma’ana: ‘Hankaka ya yi kama da hankaka’, sai Gurabiyyawa suka yi amfani da wannan salon wajen bayyana kamanceceniyar Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) da Manzon Allah (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam).. sai aka kira su da sunan “Masu akidar kamanceceniya”..

Wannan magana tasu soki-burutsu ne kawai, -kaman yanda Ibn Hazam ya fadi a “al-Fasal”- domin dai lokacin da Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya aiko da Mala’ika Jibrilu (AlaiHis Salam) zuwa ga Annabi Muhammadu (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam) Sayyiduna Aliyu bai ma balaga ba, don haka maganar kamanceceniya –koda da ita- tsakanin dan shekara arba’in da yaron da bai balaga ba, abu ne da hankali ba zai iya amsa ba… kaman yanda da’awar kamanceceniya tsakanin Sayyiduna RasululLahi (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam) da Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) abu ne da ya saba da abin da tarihi ya tabbatar.

DALILIN KAFIRTA GURABIYYAWA:

Malamai sun kafirta yan Shi’ar Gurabiyyawa ne saboda karyata Annabcin Annabi Muhammadu (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam) da suka yi, domin katin farko na shiga Musulunci shi ne imani da Allah Madaukakin Sarki, da kuma imani da Annabcin Annabi Muhammadu (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam), rashin yin wannan imanin fita ne daga Musulunci…

Imam Muhammad Abu Zahra a cikin littafinsa “Tãrikhul Mazãhibil Islãmiyya” ya fadi cewa: “’Yan shi’a ba sa kallon wadannan karkatattun kungiyoyi da makamantansu a matsayin ‘yan Shi’a, suna kiransu ne da sunan “al-Ghulat”, ma’ana wadanda suka wuce gona da iri, ko wadanda suka wuce makadi da rawa, bal ma mafi yawan ‘yan Shi’a ba sa kallonsu a matsayin Musulmai, balle har su zamo daga cikinsu.. saboda haka ne muke cewa: wadannan kungiyoyi sun dauki sunan Shi’a a tarihin Musulunci, kuma marubuta masu yawa sun daura wa Shi’a laifuffukansu, su kuma ‘yan Shi’a suna nuna rashin kasancewarsu tare da su a sahu daya.. ko ma dai mene ne a yanzu babu wadannan kungiyoyin a tsakankanin ‘yan Shi’a, a cikinsu babu wanda yake fitowa ya bayyana cewa Sayyiduna Aliyu Allah ne, kaman yanda babu wadanda suke cewa Mala’ika Jibrilu (AlaiHis Salam) ya yi kuskure wajen isar da sako…”. [Muhammad Abu Zahra; Tãrikhul Mazãhibil Islãmiyya, shafi: 46].

3- NUSAIRIYYAWA (AN-NUSAIRIYYA):

Imamul Akbar Jãdul-Hakki Aliyu Jãdul-Hakki –Sheikhul Azhar- [1335 – 1416 H/ 1917 – 1996 M] ya bayyana wannan kungiya ta Shi’ar Nusairiyyawa a cikin littafinsa “Bayãnun lin Nãsi” da cewa: Jama’a ne da suke bin daya daga cikin wakilan al-Hasanul Askariy, sunansa Muhammad bn Nusair, su ne wadanda a lokacin mulkin mallakan Faransa a kasar Siriya ake kira da “al-Alawiyyin”…

A akidarsu suna riya cewa:

1) Sayyiduna Aliyu shi ne halifan farko bayan Manzon Allah (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam), suna masu riya cewa Manzon Allah (SallalLãhu alaiHi wa Ălihi wa sallam) ya yi wa sayyiduna Aliyu mubaya’a a asirce har sau uku, na hudun kuma ya yi masa a bainar jama’a..

2) Shugabannin Ahlul Baiti ma’asumai ne, ba sa aikata laifi, saboda laifi kazanta ne, kuma Allah yana magana game da Ahlul Baiti cewa:
((إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا)) (الأحزاب: 33)

Ma’ana: ((Kawai Allah yana son ya tafiyar da kazanta ga barinku ne –ya ku Ahlul Baiti- ya kuma tsarkake ku sosai)) [al-Ahzab: 33].

Da haka ne suke riya cewa Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi) yafi wasu daga cikin Annabawa, saboda su za su iya yin kuskure, -a cewarsu-babu wani nassi a Alkur’ani da yake nuna an tsarkake su, su kuwa shugabanni “A’immah” akwai nassi akansu daga cikin Alkur’ani..

3) Suna gani cewa boye abin da yake cikin zukatansu na akida ga mutane abu ne mai kyau da yake nuna cikan imanin mutum.

4) Ilmin badini, suna ganin shugabanninsu ne kawai suke da shi, kuma a koda yaushe tafsirin da suke yi wa Alkur’ani shi ne daidai, saboda su ne ma’asumai!!.

Wadannan akidu nasu su ne suka ja su har zuwa ga cewa Allantaka wani abu ne mai sassa uku, don haka Allantaka ta ainihi –a wurin su- ita ce: Aliyu, yana da sunan da ya yi masa hijabi, wanda shi ne Muhammadu, kofar da ake bi a isa zuwa gare shi kuma shi ne Salman, don haka –a cewarsu- Aliyu shi ne ubangijin talikai!! Shi ne ya saukar da Alkur’ani, shi ne ya aiko da Annabawa domin su yi magana da yawunsa, yana kuma tare da kowane Manzo a matsayin magajinsa!.. [al-Azhar was Shi’a bi kalami lafifin minal Ulamã’, shafi: 18 – 19]..

A takaice dai, wadannan ma sun yi hannun riga da addinin Musulunci –kaman yanda Abu Zahra ya tabbatar- cewa sunan Musulunci kawai ya rage masu, amma su din tuni suka sabule wa kansu rigarsa…

4- DARUZAWA (AD-DARUZ):

Su ne mabiyan Abu Muhammad ad-Daruziy, wadanda da farko suna cikin kungiyar Shi’a Isma’iliyya ne kafin su fice daga cikinta, su ci nasu gashin-kan, suna rayuwa ne a Siriya da Libnan.

Akidar su ta ginu ne akan yi wa “al-Hãkim bi Amril Lãhi al-Fãdimiy” kallon Allantaka, kuma lissafin tarihinsu yana farawa ne daga shekara [408 H], ma’ana shekarar da suka yi da’awar Allankar al-Hãkim bi Amril Lahi.

Kasancewar komai nasu a asirce suke yi ne ya sanya aka yi ta yada jita-jita akan akidunsu da ibadunsu, har sai lokacin da sojojin kasar Siriya suka far masu a dutsen “Daruz” a karshe- karshen zamanin “Sheishikliy” inda aka sami wasu daga cikin litattafan da suka rubuta da hannu, wadanda suke dauke da sharhin yanda mazhabarsu take, Abdurrahman Badwiy ya yi rubutu akansu a littafinsa mai suna “Mazãhibul Islãmiyyin”.

Daruzawa sun shahara da akidar bayyana sabanin abin da yake cikin zukatansu, wato “Takiyya”, suna kuma ganin cewa ruhin wanda ya mutu tashi yake yi ya koma cikin wani jikin ya cigaba da rayuwa “at-Tanãsukh”.. su din daraja-daraja ne, daraja ta farko su ne: “al-Ukkal” ma’ana manyan malaman addini masu fada a ji a cikinsu, daraja ta biyu kuma su ne “ajãwid”, wato masu matsakaicin ilimin addini, suke kuma yi wa addinin biyayya sau da kafa, daraja ta uku, kuma ta karshe kuwa su ne: mutane gama-gari...

Wannan wani sashe ne cikin abin da ya bayyana na akidarsu, domin sun riga sun kudundune akidar tasu, ba a san me suke ciki ba, sai dai dan abin da ba a rasa ba..

Fatawar malamai akan wannan kungiya ta Shi’ar Daruzawa ita ce: kada shugabannin Musulmai su barsu su cigaba da yada tunaninsu a kasashe da garuruwan Musulmai, bal mai bai halatta a bar su su rayu a ciki ba, koda kuwa za su biya jizya.. ba kuma a aurar masu, ko a aura daga cikinsu, ba kuma a cin yankansu.. [Darul- Ifta’il Misriyya, al-Fatawa al-Islamiyya 1/302].

Wadannan su ne kungiyoyin da suka amsa sunan Shi'a masu wuce makadi da rawa, wadanda suka sabule wa kawunansu rigar Musulunci, ko dai ta hanyar nuna cewa akwai wani abokin tarayya da Allah, ko kuma ta hanyar karyata Nassin Alkur'ani mai girma ba kuma tare da tawili ba, alal misali wadanda suka Annabtar da Sayyiduna Aliyu (Allah ya kara yarda da shi), da ma wadanda suke ganin matsayinsa ya fi na Sayyiduna RasululLahi (SallalLahu alaiHi wa Alihi wa sallam)..

Saboda haka, bayani na gaba zai zo ne akan sauran kungiyoyin Shi'a da za mu iya cewa da su masu matsakaicin ra'ayi idan muka gwada su da wadanda suka gabata...

Saleh Kaura
15/11/2016